RNS® was approved in 2013 for adults (18y or older) with refractory focal (partial) epilepsy. The device works differently from the other two devices (VNS, DBS) used in treatment of epilepsy. RNS is a ‘closed loop’ device. That means it is activated when it identifies seizures (by reading brain electrical activity) and then tries to … Continue reading Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS®)